Indonesia is one of the largest mango producers in the world. Based on data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), mango production in Indonesia in 2022 will reach 3.28 million tons. The largest mango producing province is East Java, which contributes around 48% of the total national mango production.
This article will review how mango cultivation can have high marketing competitiveness and of course have quality fruit.
Mango fruit has become a very popular favorite among the wider community, often enjoyed in various forms, ranging from fresh fruit with a sweet and fresh taste, to processed products such as juice, puree, squash, fruit bars, concentrate, dodol, sweets, and flour. mango seeds, all of which offer a variety of appetizing flavors and provide abundant nutritional benefits for consumers.
In the last decade, mango production has tended to fluctuate. Mango production in Indonesia in 2013 reached 2.79 million tons. This production will increase to 3.28 million tons in 2022. However, mango production has also decreased in certain years, such as in 2017 which only reached 2.92 million tons.
Fluctuations in mango production in Indonesia are caused by various factors, including:
Weather factor. Erratic rainfall and temperatures can affect mango growth and production.
Pest and disease factors. Pests and diseases can cause damage to mango plants and reduce their production.
Cultivation factors. Inappropriate cultivation practices, such as using inferior seeds and irregular fertilization, can reduce mango production.
Economic factors. Fluctuations in mango prices in the market can also affect production.
Quoting from media.neliti, in 2003, the export volume of Indonesian mangoes reached 559 thousand tons or the equivalent of 461 thousand US$, while the import volume reached 348 thousand tons or the equivalent of 329 thousand US$. So the export volume of Indonesian mangoes is still higher than the import volume of 211 thousand tons or the equivalent of 132 US$.
So it can be considered that the mango trade is in surplus. The mango trade surplus is the difference between the volume of mango exports and imports. In this case, Indonesia has a mango trade surplus of 211 thousand tons. The mango trade surplus shows that Indonesia has the ability to meet domestic mango needs and export mangoes to other countries.
How to Cultivate Sweet Mangoes
East Java, the number one province producing mangoes in Indonesia, can produce 3.28 million tons in 2022. Papua is at the bottom in producing mangoes, namely 735 tons. Therefore, to increase marketing competitiveness, both within and international markets. Like it or not, Indonesian mango farmers must continue to work hard to produce quality, abundant and cost-efficient mangoes.
One way to cultivate it the right way is to produce high quality mangoes. Below are the stages of mango cultivation that you can follow!
Conditions for Growing Mango Fruit
Several variants of mango fruit that are widely grown in Indonesia include mango rumanis, golek, gedong, kemang, kweni, manalagi, and also cengkir. In order to grow optimally, there are several criteria or conditions that must be met.
Climate
Mango plants are suitable for growing in tropical climates, with an average temperature of 25-30 degrees Celsius. Mango plants also need sufficient rainfall, namely 750-2,250 mm per year.
Growing media
Mango fruit requires loose and fertile planting media, with a soil pH of 5.5-7.5. Soil that is too acidic or too alkaline can inhibit the growth of mango plants.
Height
Mango plants can grow well in the low and middle plains, with an altitude of 0-500 m above sea level. Mango plants planted in the highlands will produce fruit that is smaller and not as sweet.
