The 1994 Portugal 200 Escudos coin commemorates King John II, also known as John the Perfect. This technical description provides a comprehensive overview of the coin's design and specifications.
Obverse:
The center is divided into four quarters. In the top left and bottom right, there are wavy lines representing navigation. In the bottom left, there is the coat of arms of Portugal, while in the top right, there are the personal arms of King John II, featuring a pelican feeding its chicks while wounding its chest, accompanied by the motto "Pela Lei e Pela Grei" (By Law and By the People in ancient Portuguese). Surrounding these elements are the name of the country and its value, encircled by a ring of pearls.
Reverse:
A crowned portrait of Joao II of Portugal is depicted, holding a 16th-century ship, specifically a lateen three-masted caravel. Surrounding the portrait are inscriptions of the king's name and the year of his death, 1495.
| SPECIFICATIONS | |
|---|---|
| PERIOD | Portuguese Republic (1986 - 2001) |
| YEAR | 1997 |
| COMPOSITION | Copper-Nickel |
| EDGE | Reeded |
| WEIGHT(g) | 21.1 |
| DIAMETER | 36mm |
| THICKNESS(mm) | 2.8 |
The coin honoring King John II serves as a testament to his enduring legacy and contributions to Portuguese history. Its intricate design and meticulous craftsmanship make it a prized addition to any numismatic collection, while its historical significance resonates with collectors and enthusiasts alike. Whether as a symbol of national pride or a tribute to a revered monarch, this coin encapsulates the rich cultural heritage of Portugal and the remarkable achievements of King John II.
HISTORY
King John II, known as "the Perfect" in Portuguese history, left an indelible mark on the kingdom of Portugal during his reign from 1481 to 1495. His rule was characterized by significant achievements in exploration, diplomacy, and administration, solidifying Portugal's position as a formidable European power.
John II ascended to the throne following the death of his father, King Alfonso V. From the outset, he demonstrated a keen intellect and a firm commitment to advancing Portugal interests. One of his primary objectives was to continue the exploration of the African coast, a mission initiated by his predecessors. Under his reign, Portuguese explorers made remarkable progress, venturing further south along the coast of Africa and establishing trade routes that brought wealth and prestige to Portugal.
John II administration was characterized by efficiency and reform. He implemented measures to centralize power, streamline bureaucracy, and strengthen royal authority. His reforms extended to the military, where he modernized and expanded the Portuguese navy, enhancing its capabilities for exploration and defense.
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In addition to his domestic achievements, John II was a skilled diplomat who sought to expand Portugal's influence abroad. He cultivated alliances with other European powers and negotiated advantageous treaties that secured Portugal's position in the international arena. His diplomatic efforts were instrumental in maintaining peace and stability in Europe, allowing Portugal to focus on its overseas ambitions.
One of the most significant events of John II reign was the discovery of the sea route to India by Vasco da Gama in 1498. This monumental achievement opened up lucrative trade opportunities with the East, greatly enriching Portugal and establishing it as a major player in the global economy. John II's support for exploration and his strategic vision laid the groundwork for Portugal's subsequent colonial expansion and dominance in the Age of Discovery.
Despite his many accomplishments, John II reign was not without controversy. His pursuit of centralisation and reform often brought him into conflict with the nobility and other vested interests. He was accused of being authoritarian and ruthless in his methods, earning him both admiration and criticism from his contemporaries.
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John II death marked the end of an era in Portuguese history. He left behind a legacy of exploration, innovation, and statesmanship that would shape the course of Portugal's future. His reign is remembered as a golden age of Portuguese history, characterised by unprecedented achievements and advancements that laid the foundation for Portugal emergence as a global power. King John II, "the Perfect" remains one of Portugal's most revered and influential monarchs, revered for his vision, leadership, and enduring contributions to the nation greatness.
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Welcome to my blog on Hive! Here, you'll discover various trips I've taken in Portugal, along with information about the main monuments, squares, streets, palaces, and more.
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